Muhammad taught belief in the Resurrection and final Judgment. Those who believed and did good works would be happy in the "Garden" of paradise while those who disbelieved world suffer the torments of an eternal hell.

But the unbelievers wanted to know how this was possible: "When we are (actually) dust, shall we indeed be in a renewed creation?" (Surah 13:5) He does not understand why they should ask such a question after marveling at the Creation of Allah, how he holds up the heavens without pillars, moves the sun and moon, etc. "It is Allah Who sends forth the winds, so that they raise up the clouds, and We drive them to a land that is dead, and revive the earth therewith after its death: even so (will be) the Resurrection! (Surah 35:9)

To further illustrate belief in the Resurrection, Mohammad tell the story that Abraham who asked God to show him how He would raise the dead. God told Abraham to take four birds and train them to follow you. Take them to different mountains and then call them; they will immediately return to you. He concludes, "Then know that God is Exalted in Power, Wise." (Surah 2:260)

His belief in the Resurrection must surely stem from the Judeo/Christian background with which he was in contact but the basis of this belief is the great power of Allah who created and sustains the world and is surely capable of recreating it. It was not based on the Resurrection of Christ as he states,

"That they said (in boast), 'We killed Christ Jesus the son of Mary, the Messenger of Allah.;
- but they killed him not, nor crucified him, but so it was made to appear to them,
... Nay, Allah raised him up unto Himself.'" (Surah 4: 157-158)

For the Christian the real basis for belief in the Resurrection is the historical Death/Resurrection of Christ and his assertion to Martha, the sister of Lazarus who had died. She went to meet him as he was coming into Bethany and said that her brother would not have died if He had been present. He said, don't worry, you brother will rise. She retorted that she knew he would rise, at the resurrection on the last day. Jesus told her,

Raising of Lazarus by Giotto

"I am the resurrection and the life;
whoever believes in me,even if dies will live,
and everyone who lives and believes in me will never die. Do you believe this?" (Jn 11:25)

Words are cheep, they must be backed up by action. Jesus raised Lazarus from the dead to show that he had power over life and death.

On the third day after his death Christ rose to new life. The guards at the tomb experienced an earthquake at his rising and saw an angel rolling back the stone. No one saw Christ's Resurrection since this was a metahistorical event but the women and apostles found the empty tomb. Further, for forty days after the resurrection he appeared to some women and the apostles. Did Christ have a real body? The apostles were in doubt. Once he appeared in their midst and said to them, "Look at my hands and my feet, that it is I myself. Touch me and see, because a ghost does not have flesh and bones as you can see I have." (Lk 24:39)

As to how God would raise us from the dead -- by the power of the One who raised Jesus from the dead. St. Paul tells us that if the Spirit who raised Jesus from the dwells in us , this same Spirit will raise our mortal bodies to new life. (Rm 8:11)

So, Muhammad belief in the resurrection
is first realized in the Resurrection
of the God/Man, Jesus Christ.

Muslim/Christian Heaven